This piece offers three solutions to ensure poor, rural areas receive service: through a public or nonprofit entity, through a cooperative owned by its members, or through a private utility.

A paper designed for city officials seeking affordable, abundant bandwidth in their communities. It reviews the current landscape of broadband networks, outlines best practices, summarizes existing models, and presents a framework through which community leaders can begin developing projects given the city's specific circumstances.

This resource briefly details the benefits of constructing open-access, middle-mile networks to provide savings that spur last-mile providers to build further and faster. These open-access, middle-mile models promote private investment and competition.

A paper that reflects on the progress made under the National Broadband Plan, with a specific focus on the digital divide. The guiding principles for broadband adoption still resonate as successful efforts addressed multiple barriers to adoption and the plan for changes in technology helped ensure community programs served clients with up-to-date technology.

A paper that examines public-private partnerships (P3) as a promising alternative to the traditional municipal broadband or middle mile models for communities that lack the capital, the expertise, or both to deploy and operate fiber networks or act as internet service providers on their own. The paper also discusses major legal issues that may arise in broadband P3 projects.

This resource provides an analysis of the scoring metrics and prioritization scheme for NTIA's Broadband Infrastructure Program. The Notice of Funding Opportunity from NTIA outlines how the grant applications will be scored and ranked to make award decisions, and this resource can help address questions stemming from the NOFO and provides examples on how to better position applications for a high-priority review.

A paper from October 2020 that reinforces the themes of the previous year’s Broadband for America’s Future: A Vision for the 2020s about the need for ubiquitous broadband across the United States. The author takes into account how the Covid-19 pandemic has accentuated the digital divide on geographic, racial, and class lines.